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Cordless 20v
Battery operated power tools have many different requirements depending on the application. Battery power tools typically use brushed motors as it is the lowest cost solution and it requires less electronics compared to three phase BLDC. For Bidirectional operation, brushed DC motors use Full-Bridge topology which consist of two half bridges, which allows the stator to switch polarity to control direction. The bottom MOSFET shown here controls the speed of motor by PWM. High operation voltage is required to protect against voltage spikes caused by Back-Electromotive Force (EMF). This voltage induced by that rotation of the motor, the faster the speed the greater the voltage spike. It is good practice to use a device that will exceed double the supply voltage. Secondly, for applications that use less battery cells, operating a lower voltage allows for longer run time. Third, cross conduction is an issue for this application. Dead time is typically designed into protect against this fault.
PTM Published on: 2013-09-18